Which Type of the Promising COVID-19 Vaccines Produces Minimal Adverse Effects? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Heba M Attash,Harith Kh Al-Qazaz,Luma M Al-Obaidy

doi:10.3390/vaccines10020186

Heba M Attash, Harith Kh Al-Qazaz + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020186

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Journal: Vaccines	Publication Date: Jan 25, 2022
Citations: 13	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Mosul

Abstract

Since the declaration of Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), it was clear that vaccination is the best way to overcome it. Sinopharm, AstraZeneca and Pfizer were the first vaccines introduced to defeat it. To recognize the short-term adverse effects among Iraqi health care workers (HCWs) after vaccination, the three COVID-19 vaccines that are currently available in Iraq were compared. An online survey was distributed to Iraqi HCWs who had received at least one of the COVID-19 vaccines as part of a retrospective cross-sectional study. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. The total number of participants was 843. The majority of the participants (85.9%) were under 39 years old, with 78.8% of them being females. Around 60% of individuals had received the Pfizer vaccine. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had infected 46.7% of the total participants. A total of 628 out of 843 participants experienced adverse effects after receiving the vaccine, accounting for 74.49% of the overall respondents. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, the vast majority of respondents who received the three vaccines experienced pain at the injection site (n = 800), while other side effects like headache, myalgia, tiredness and fever mainly appeared with Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines. Most of the reported adverse effects were tolerable and self-limited and they were linked to the AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccines.

Highlights

The first case of SARS-CoV-2 was reported in China at the end of 2019 and rapidly spread to other countries causing a global pandemic all over the world [1]
There are limited studies on experience with side effects reactions after receiving first or second doses of COVID-19 vaccines, this study aimed to discover the type, prevalence and intensity of the adverse reactions experienced by Iraqi health care workers (HCWs) after receiving a first or second dose of COVID-19 vaccines, and to compare side effects between three different vaccines
Most of the respondents had received their second dose of the vaccine 651 (77.2%) and the Pfizer type of vaccine was the most used one among the study population (502, 59.5%) with around the same proportion for both AstraZeneca 187 (22.2%) and Sinopharm 154 (18.3%)

Summary

Introduction

The first case of SARS-CoV-2 was reported in China at the end of 2019 and rapidly spread to other countries causing a global pandemic all over the world [1]. As an extension of this rapid speed of vaccine production, vaccine safety issues and post-marketing safety monitoring problems were generated [5]. Each of these vaccines has different targets on the coronavirus. The PfizerBioNTech vaccine (COMIRNATY) is a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine encoding the viral spike S glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. It induces a protective immune response and reduces the incidence of future COVID-19 [7,8]. The development of immunity following a vaccine will generate side effects [8]. The three vaccines available were the Sinopharm, Oxford-AstraZeneca, and Pfizer-BioNTech ones

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