Which factors influence mobility change during COVID‐19 in Germany? Evidence from German county data

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of regional demographic, socioeconomic, and political factors in mobility changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Germany. Spatial econometric models are applied using data from the 401 counties in Germany. The model incorporates measures to reduce potential endogeneity effects. Our results show that mobility change shows significant socioeconomic heterogeneity, which could affect future policy measures to contain the pandemic. For example, case numbers and the share of academics are negatively associated with changes in mobility. On the contrary, a region's mean age and rural location have a positive impact. Political and economic implications of the results are discussed. The findings point to a possible reorganization of spatial, economic, and social activities beyond the course of the pandemic.