Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been considered a promising strategy in the management of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus (DM) because of its immunomodulatory and regenerative capability to restore the beta cell number and function. Various modalities of cellular therapy like transplantation of pancreatic islet cells, transplantation of pancreatic ductal stem cells, and mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation have been tried, and the modality is undergoing rapid advancements that may become the reality in the near future. In the course of its evolution, it is essential to have a comprehensive summary of the progress for a greater capacity to refine our future directives. With technological developments like data mining, graphic drawing, and information analytics combined with computational statistics, visualization of scientific metrology has become a reality. With a newer perspective, we intend to use scientometric tools including text mining, co-word analysis, word frequency analysis, co-citation analysis, cluster network analysis, to perform a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the research trend in stem cell therapy in the management of DM over the past three decades (1990–2020) and to identify the future research hotspots.
Highlights
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among adults over 18 years doubled to 8.5% from 4.7% in 1980 with a 5% increase in premature mortality, making it a major health problem worldwide [1]
An increased number of articles including clinical trials published on the use of stem cells for DM indicated increasing attention paid by the researchers in this field to improving the existing standard of care
Apart from translating stem cell therapy for insulin secretion and metabolic homeostasis, utilization of the regenerative capacity of the stem cells to combat the endothelial dysfunction inherent to the disease would bring a holistic approach to disease management
Summary
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among adults over 18 years doubled to 8.5% from 4.7% in 1980 with a 5% increase in premature mortality, making it a major health problem worldwide [1]. The traditional therapy methods are aimed at maintaining the serum glucose levels through either exogenously administered insulin or oral anti-hyperglycemic medications, they often fail to achieve a balance in the glucose metabolism and result in hyperglycemic episodes responsible for fatal complications [2]. Stem cell therapy has been considered a promising strategy based on its immune-modulatory and regenerative capability in the management of both type I and type II DM by combating the auto-immune response affecting their production and the receptor insensitivity undermining their effect at the site of action [3,4]. Various clinical trials have been conducted to analyze the efficacy and safety of these cellular therapy methods for their global practical applicability [7,8,9]. There were a few meta-analyses to support the use of stem cell therapy in type
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