Abstract
This paper advocates the use of a Weberian framework in the analysis of the processes of Europeanization of public policies. It focuses on employment policies to explore the "elective affinities" between the European Employment Strategy launched in 1997 and the subsequent elaboration of national reforms reorganizing and strengthening monitoring, surveillance, and sanctions of the unemployed. From this perspective, Europeanization is defined as mutual reinforcement between European policy frames and national reforms than a top-down unilateral relationship of influence.
Highlights
Niniejszy artykuł wykorzystuje ramy teoretyczne Maxa Webera do badania procesów europeizacji polityk publicznych
When elective affinities foster Europeanization: How the European Union (EU) active welfare state model... 11 who analyze the Europeanization of public policies generally agree on its cognitive dimension, either as an explanatory factor or as a resource used by domestic actors
This has been a major domain for the implementation of the Open Method of Coordination, which has challenged the classic analyses of Europeanization processes (Kröger, 2009)
Summary
When elective affinities foster Europeanization: How the EU active welfare state model... 11 who analyze the Europeanization of public policies generally agree on its cognitive dimension, either as an explanatory factor or as a resource used by domestic actors. Instead of regarding ideas in themselves as explanatory factors, as it is more or less explicitly the case in most cognitive approaches to Europeanization, the “elective affinities” hypothesis focuses on their uses and explores the concrete conditions under which they come to play a role, in line with Weber’s theory This paper illustrates this interpretive model by exploring the links between the “active social state” model promoted by the European Employment Strategy and the subsequent elaboration of national reforms consisting in a new and stricter organization of monitoring, surveillance, and sanctions of the unemployed. It addresses the period during which these links were most visible – the years that followed the adoption of the EES (1997–2005). Based on France as a case study, part III shows how a new control policy of the unemployed elaborated on national grounds uses EU-level trends as a justification, and reinforces them in the process
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