Abstract
Abstract Introduction: According to the neurodevelopmental theory, schizophrenia is a cognitive-behavioral manifestation of the non-physiological development of the CNS, which was caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during its formation. Aim, material and methodology: The aim of this article is to present a clinical case in which exposure to numerous adverse environmental factors in the pre and postnatal period could cause the development of schizophrenia in adulthood. The analysis of the clinical case and the medical records of a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, suffering from numerous perinatal complications, was performed. Case report: A woman, 23 years old, unmarried, studying at post-secondary school - archivistics. Currently, psychiatrically hospitalized for the second time. A patient from the first, twin, fraternal pregnancy. The delivery took place by caesarean section, complicated. In the APGAR scale, she scored 4 points in the 1st minute, and 6 points in the 3rd minute. By day 30, the patient had experienced preterm retinopathy, viral infection, salmonella, jaundice and anemia. In the second month of her life, she was treated with surgery due to intestinal obstruction. Psychomotor development was disturbed. At 9 years of age, there was a retinal detachment. Until the end of junior high school, she was educated in a special school for the visually impaired. Conclusions: The neurodevelopmental theory assumes that the increased risk of developing schizophrenia is associated with unfavorable factors in the developmental period. Identifying the causes underlying the development of the disease is a key step towards prevention, more efficient diagnosis, and improvement of the effectiveness of treatment of patients suffering from this disease.
Highlights
According to the neurodevelopmental theory, schizophrenia is a cognitive-behavioral manifestation of the nonphysiological development of the central nervous system (CNS), which was caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during its formation
The neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia is based on the assumption that the symptomatic form is the final result of the non-physiological development of the CNS, which was caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during its formation
Despite the fact that the neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia was presented three decades ago and diagnostic methods have been dynamically developed, it is still impossible to determine the factors that would fully explain the pathogenesis of this disease
Summary
According to the neurodevelopmental theory, schizophrenia is a cognitive-behavioral manifestation of the nonphysiological development of the CNS, which was caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors during its formation. Material and methodology: The aim of this article is to present a clinical case in which exposure to numerous adverse environmental factors in the pre and postnatal period could cause the development of schizophrenia in adulthood. The analysis of the clinical case and the medical records of a patient diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, suffering from numerous perinatal complications, was performed. It is estimated that about 2/3 of new diagnoses of schizophrenia are made before the age of 45 [2] This disease is responsible for the deterioration of the quality of life and reduced participation in the professional life and social environment [2]. An important fact concerning people suffering from this disease is that their life expectancy may even be 10 to 25 years shorter compared to the general population [4,5]
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