WHEAT YIELD DEPENDING ON THE DIFFERENT LABILE PHOSPHORUS SOIL SUFFICIENCY

Abstract

The goal of research is to study the influence of long-term (55 years) fertilizer application in grain and soybean crop rotation on the productivity and mineral nutrition of wheat. The object of research was wheat of variety Aryuna, sown in the 3rd field of crop rotation. The study of nutritional conditions of wheat was conducted in the production process phase – the tillering at 3 levels of provision of soil with mobile phosphorus, formed as a result of long-term application of comparatively low (background 1), middle (background 2) and high (background 3) average annual fertilizer load per 1 hectare of rotation area. The maximum accumulation of nitrogen in wheat plants was noted against the background of the aftereffect of long-term application of increased rate of fertilizers. The amount of mobile phosphorus in soil correlated with the background of provision, formed as a result of long-term fertilizer application; the value of accumulation of the element in top mass corresponded to a high level – the parameter of content in the tillering phase. On the average for 3 years, the excess of crop yield relative to control amounted to 0,21…0,26 t/ha on the background 1, 0,27…0,28 on the background 2 and 0,76…0,78 t/ha on the background 3. The increase in the accumulation of air-dry top mass in the tillering phase and wheat productivity by 93 and 85%, respectively, is due to the level of provision of topsoil with mobile phosphorus.