Abstract
AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 is considered important in enhancing the circular‐economy design; it can suppress harmful greenhouse‐gas emissions while, combined with intermittent renewable energy sources, it can employ the surplus energy for production of important chemicals and fuels. In the process, electrocatalysts play an important role as the mediators of the highly active and selective conversion of CO2. Transition and post transition metals and their oxides are an important electrocatalyst group. For practical reasons, these metals need to be applied as nanoparticles supported on highly conducting materials enabling fabrication of 3D electrodes. In this minireview, we focus on gathering our current knowledge on the effects which transition and post transition metal and metal oxide nanoparticles supported on different carbons may have on electrochemical reduction of CO2. We focus on literature of studies conducted in aqueous conditions, under as similar conditions as possible, to ensure comparability. This approach enables us to highlight possible support effects and issues that complicate making conclusions on support effects.
Highlights
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is an appealing technique for lowering the concentration of atmospheric CO2.[1]
We focus on gathering our current knowledge on the effects which transition and post transition metal and metal oxide nanoparticles supported on different carbons may have on electrochemical reduction of CO2
Comparison of Cu nanoparticles supported on carbon black (CB), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in a polymer electrolyte membrane type cell resulted in improved selectivity to CO for the first two supports while Cu nanoparticles on rGO was reported to mainly produce HCOOH.[85]
Summary
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is an appealing technique for lowering the concentration of atmospheric CO2.[1] For largescale CO2 conversion, electrocatalysts need to operate selectively at low overpotentials for several thousands of hours To achieve this milestone, electrocatalysts are designed and investigated; among them transition and post transition metals.[2,3] Main problems of CO2R on these metals are high onset potentials, low activity, poor selectivity, and bad durability. It has been shown that the active electrocatalyst is usually the reduced metal.[24,25] We have aimed to compare studies made under as identical conditions as possible keeping in mind the important methodology recommendations[17,26] to enable us to highlight possible support effects as well as issues that complicate our current understanding of support effects in CO2R
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