Abstract
The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) is a state funded health insurance scheme targeted for families below poverty line (BPL) in India providing a coverage of ₹30,000 for a family of five. This qualitative study covered three districts in Chhattisgarh, India, and included empanelled private for-profit, public and not-for-profit institutions. RSBY beneficiaries constituted a miniscule proportion of the total patient load in large multispecialty hospitals, institutions capable of providing treatment for serious illnesses. Small private nursing homes were the biggest gainers. There was evidence of complicated conditions being booked instead of simpler ones. Some government hospitals reported declines in patient loads after the introduction of the RSBY, clearly signalling a shift from the public to the private sector. Community and Primary Health Centres are unable to compete with private providers as the latter have relatively better patient facilities and specialists. Significantly, for the not-for-profit sector, used to functioning on tight price lines, the RSBY is beginning to provide the elusive sustainability.
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