Abstract

ronal circuits is admittedly not well known. Single-cell recording may show several phases of inhibition-excitation or the reverse in response to afferent stimulation in the normal thalamus. This is a feature of many basal ganglia nuclei and does not preclude a global excitatory or inhibitory alteration occurring in pathological states. Overall, the evidence for increased basal ganglia output activity in the parkinsonian state remains compelling. Clearly, the pathophysiology of the basal ganglia changes that occur in PD have not been completely elucidated, and it is important to remain open to new findings and ideas. However, we do not believe that the findings that Montgomery provided yet warrant abandoning our fundamental concepts.

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