Abstract
In this paper, I argue for three theses. First, that the problem of Deep Disagreement is usefully understood as an instance of the skeptical Problem of the Criterion. Second, there are structural similarities between proposed optimistic answers to deep disagreement and the problem of the criterion. Third, in light of these similarities, there are both good and bad consequences for proposed solutions to the problem of deep disagreement.
Highlights
Resumen El presente artículo presenta tres tesis
Despite the fact that the special technical notion of deep disagreements has been around only since Robert Fogelin’s 1985 essay, the form of the problem has been at work in the longstanding skeptical Problem of the Criterion since its statement in the late ancient period in Sextus Empiricus’s Outlines of Pyrrhonism
I think it is instructive to view the problem of deep disagreement as an instance of the problem of the criterion, and so I will lay out the structural similarities between the two problems and turn to show why this analogy is useful
Summary
The problem of the criterion is an ancient skeptical trope that can be posed with the following challenge: how can we sort true from. Solutions to the problem of the criterion generally come in two forms –either one starts with a set of truths and generates the criteria for truth from what these truths share in common, or one begins with criteria and generates truths from their application. The trouble, is that these strategies break the rule set forth with the initial statement of the challenge of identifying a criterion and its associated truths –we must do so without presuming that we already have an answer. In the case of Methodism and Particularism, the answers to the challenge beg the question, and so are not solutions, given the structure of the problem, but they are ways forward for other programs of cognitive management, such as making one’s beliefs more systematic and consistent. Again, because of the problem of begging the question, they do not solve the problem of the criterion
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