Abstract
Study objective: Sleep disturbances are one of the most common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson´s disease that influence on the quality of life. Our aim was to investigate the incidence of sleep disturbances in patients with idiopathic Parkinson Disease and to evaluate what type of sleep disturbance influence most on the quality of the sleep in these patients. Methods: One hundred and four Parkinson Disease patients treated in the University Hospital Centre Osijek and General Hospital Nasice were analysed. The patients were assessed with regards to whether or not they were experiencing sleep disturbances and were divided accordingly into two groups: those that did not have sleep disturbances and those that experienced sleep disturbances. All of the patients completed Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale. Results: Sleep disturbance was reported in 58% patients, while 42% did not report to have sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbances group recorded lower mean result in Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale as well as lower mean results for each sub-scale for all symptoms except incontinence due to immobility compared to group with no sleep disturbances. We found statistically significant difference between two groups of patients on these items: quality of sleep (t=-3.046; p<0.005), maintenance of sleep (t=-2.869; p<0.005), distressing dreams (t=-2.947; p<0.005) and fatigue (t=-2.494; p<0.01). Regresion logistic analysis predict sleep disturbances significantly (omnibus chi-square=41,387, df=17, p<.001) with quality of sleep, distressing dreams and painful posturing as most predictive variable for sleep disturbances in SD group. Conclusion: Nocturnal awakening, distressing dreams and fatigue influence most on the quality of sleep in patients with Parkinson´s disease. Variables that proved to be most significant predictors for sleep disturbance of PDSS are quality of sleep, distressing dreams and painful posturing
Highlights
In Parkinsons Disease (PD) patients quality of life depends mostly on sleep disturbances, depression, cognitive impairment and motor disability [1,2,3]
Patients were queried if they have any sleep difficulties and according to this answer patients were divided into two groups: those with no sleep disorders (NSD) and those with sleep disorders (SD)
In SD group there were predomination of the malepatients (24 female and 37 male) while in NSD group there were equal number of the patients regarding to sex (22 female and 21 male)
Summary
In Parkinsons Disease (PD) patients quality of life depends mostly on sleep disturbances, depression, cognitive impairment and motor disability [1,2,3]. Sleep disturbances are one of the most common non-motor symptoms of PD with prevalence that varies from 60-98% of the cases [4]. There are two types of sleep disorder in PD patients: noctural sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness [4]. Noctural sleep disturbance may be caused by sleep fragmentation, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, periodic limb movements, REM sleep behavior disorder, night time hallucinations and nightmares [4]. The objective of this study was to determine frequency and severity of sleep disturbances in PD patients and to find out what sleep disturbance influence most on quality of the sleep
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