What is the role of proton pump inhibitors consumption on the clinical presentation and severity of COVID-19 infection?

Abstract

Objective: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are among the most prescribed drugs worldwide; therefore, assessing their effect on COVID-19 infection symptoms and severity is of great importance. This study was designed to evaluate the role of PPI consumption on the clinical presentation and severity of COVID-19.Patients and Methods: All adult COVID-19 patients were eligible in this observational cross-sectional study. The patients’ demographic and clinical data, history of PPI consumption, and comorbid disease were recorded. Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and quick COVID-19 severity index (qCSI) score were calculated for each patient. IBM SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis.Results: Totally 670 patients completed the study (PPI users=121). The average severity (qCSI) score of PPI user patients with comorbidity score of zero was significantly higher than non-users (P-value=0.001). Mortality rate was 6.6% and 3.8% in PPI-users and non-users respectively (P-value= 0.117). PPI users were significantly more symptomatic compared to non-users (p value=0.001).Conclusion: We found that PPI users were meaningfully more symptomatic and had a higher severity (qCSI) score. Rational prescription of PPIs should be considered by physicians during and after the pandemic.