Abstract
BackgroundLepidopteran and coleopteran species are the most important insect pests in maize. These pests can be controlled by the cultivation of genetically modified crops expressing insecticidal Bt-proteins. The long term success of this technology demands resistance management strategies to delay the evolution of resistance. The most efficient delay in resistance evolution can be expected if the inheritance of resistance is completely recessive. Therefore this information is important to predict the potential to evolve resistance of a pest/crop system.MethodsOur review will take the form of an evidence map. Different databases will be used to collect as much data as possible to have a broad data basis to model and assess the potential for evolution of resistance of different crop-Bt-protein-species combinations. All identified articles will be recorded in a database. Relevant studies will be identified in a three step approach based on inclusion criteria. The systematic map output will be provided in a database. The database will be easily searchable and freely accessible. Additionally the data will be summarized in a narrative report.
Highlights
Lepidopteran and coleopteran species are the most important insect pests in maize
The efficacy of common control measures is affected by several factors: The stalk boring behaviour of some pest species reduces exposure to insecticides, which makes it difficult to control these species effectively
The resistance evolution makes insecticides ineffective, the environmental harm associated with the use of insecticides should be reduced or economic considerations lead to higher pest pressure
Summary
Search strategy The aim of the search is to obtain unbiased and comprehensive information relevant to the review question Both published and unpublished data should be collated. Relevant outcomes Studies which examine the inheritance of resistance genes Study quality assessment In the case of an evidence map no risk of bias assessment will be performed, but data are extracted which reflect the quality of the studies. Data extraction strategy In addition to the authors of the studies, the date and the type of article will be recorded. KUP was involved in writing the review protocol and will conduct the literature search as well as the data extraction. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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