Abstract
The aim of this review is to present the current literature on pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of laryngeal dystonia. Recent evidence suggests loss of cortical inhibition, and sensory dysfunction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of laryngeal dystonia. New treatments addressing these changes include electrical stimulation for neuromodulation of the larynx, vibrotactile therapy, and sodium oxybate. Preliminary investigations are promising and these may impact the future of care for laryngeal dystonia patients. The current literature emphasizes a new understanding of the pathophysiology of laryngeal dystonia which has led to investigation of novel therapies.
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