What is new about cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: indications, contraindications, and clinical applications

Abstract

Enrika Mačiulaitytė1, Gabija Balandytė1, Gabrielė Žebrauskaitė2 1Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania 2Kaunas Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Kaunas, Lithuania Abstract Background. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an established role in the diagnosis and risk assessment of people with heart disease. The possibilities of using magnetic resonance imaging in clinical practice are expanding along with new MRI sequences, research methods, and the application of artificial intelligence. These technologies raise the possibility of getting a broader range of information, and better image quality to diagnose heart disease. Aim: to review indications, contraindications, and clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Methodology. The literature used for this review was selected using “Pubmed” and “Web of science” databases. Following dates from 2013 to 2022, using keywords: “cardiac magnetic resonance imaging“, “heart diseases“, “magnetic resonance imaging”. Results. MRI is a secondary choice of research method in the diagnosis of heart diseases. Cardiovascular MRI is used to diagnose ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, valvular pathology, pericardial, and congenital heart diseases, cardiac tumours, and aneurysm. Cardiac implanted electronic devices are no longer considered as absolute contraindication for performing MRI. During MRI, the absolute contraindication to using gadolinium contrast is acute kidney disease, glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min/1.73m2 and pregnancy. Conclusions. Cardiovascular MRI plays an established role in the diagnosis of heart diseases. MRI provides useful information in assessment of myocardial perfusion, vitality, infiltrations, valvular and coronary vascular pathologies. Absolute contraindications to cardiovascular MRI include metal, electrical devices, or other implants that are not available for this examination. Keywords: cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging; heart diseases; magnetic resonance imaging. Full article https://doi.org/10.53453/ms.2023.2.13