What is needed for transformation of industrial parks into potential positive energy industrial parks? A review

Abstract

Recently, the self-generated energy in districts and industrial processes have significant progress. This is true especially for their positive energy balance. “Can be industrial parks transformed as Positive Energy Industrial parks?” is the main objective of this review. Existing forms of industrial parks are analyzed within six aspects of their designs: law and regulations, socio-economic aspect, management, technical aspect, construction (civil and architecture) and sustainability. Many specific obstacles are detected.The analysis of policy shows that the main development force are law solutions and regulations. Good laws and regulations based on practical things such as physical and chemical parameters give rapid growth in systems of prosumers or sustainable industrial parks. The good practices in positive energy districts can be used for industrial parks. Great influence has the organizational system for design and implementation. In order to meet the needs of independent environmental organizations and citizen representatives, a central (governmental and municipal) office should be set up. Often, these solutions are expensive and the owners avoid use of renewables. Sometimes, the company sustainability does not meet the society or environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the distribution and common storage of energy requirements and benefits are not well understood by governments.