Abstract
Performance in endurance sports such as cycling and crosscountry skiing largely depends on aerobic energy. Within the oxygen transport system chain, red-blood cell (RBC) mass plays a part in maximal aerobic power. Endurance training causes an increase (5% mass) in RBC that takes several months to occur. At the same time, plasma volume expands so that haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and packed-cell volume (PCV) decrease what is often called “sports anaemia”. This has encouraged endurance athletes to take iron supplements; but their effect is minimal if there is no iron deficiency.
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