Abstract
The Iberian Peninsula, located in southwestern Europe, is exposed to frequent exceedances of different threshold and limit values of air pollution, mainly related to particulate matter, ozone, and nitrous oxide. Source apportionment modeling represents a useful modeling tool for evaluating the contribution of different emission sources or sectors and for designing useful mitigation strategies. In this sense, this work assesses the impact of various emission sectors on air pollution levels over the Iberian Peninsula using a source contribution analysis (zero-out method). The methodology includes the use of the regional WRF + CHIMERE modeling system (coupled to EMEP emissions). In order to represent the sensitivity of the chemistry and transport of gas-phase pollutants and aerosols, several emission sectors have been zeroed-out to quantify the influence of different sources in the area, such as on-road traffic or other mobile sources, combustion in energy generation, industrial emissions or agriculture, among others. The sensitivity analysis indicates that large reductions of precursor emissions (coming mainly from energy generation, road traffic, and maritime-harbor emissions) are needed for improving air quality and attaining the thresholds set in the European Directive 2008/50/EC over the Iberian Peninsula.
Highlights
Academic Editors: Weixin Yang, Atmospheric pollution has become one of the most important health and environmental problems worldwide, affecting industrialized and developing countries around the world
Despite that the goal of this contribution is not to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the air quality concentrations simulated by WRF + CHIMERE, the results from the monitoring network EMEP have been used to characterize the skill of the model for reproducing the concentrations of air pollutants
CHIMERE chemistry transport model coupled to EMEP emissions
Summary
Academic Editors: Weixin Yang, Atmospheric pollution has become one of the most important health and environmental problems worldwide, affecting industrialized and developing countries around the world. Health-relevant indicators of household and ambient pollution exposure and disease burden are included in the formal system of SDG indicators. Targets of particular relevance to ambient and household air pollution include SDG target 3.9.1, which calls for a substantial reduction in the number of deaths and illnesses from air pollution [2,3], or SDG target 11.6.2, which aims to reduce the environmental impact of cities by improving air quality [4,5]. The premature deaths and the costs of the health impacts of air pollution in Europe were calculated by using ground-level concentrations from different CTMs, indicating that the total number of premature deaths (acute and chronic) ranges from 500,000 to 800,000; their associated costs are around EUR 300 billion [11,13,14]
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