What are the Protocols and Resources for Sport-Related Concussion Among Top National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Programs? A Cross-Sectional Survey of A5 Schools.

Abstract

This study summarizes findings from a cross-sectional survey conducted among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 football programs, focusing on sport-related concussion (SRC) protocols for the 2018 season. Cross-sectional survey study. 65 football programs within the Autonomy Five (A5) NCAA conferences. Athletic trainers and team physicians who attended a football safety meeting at the NCAA offices June 17 to 18, 2019, representing their respective institutions. Electronic surveys were distributed on June 14, 2019, before the football safety meeting. Results for 16 unique questions involving SRC protocols and resources were summarized and evaluated. The survey garnered responses from 46 of 65 programs (response rate = 71%). For baseline testing, 98% measured baseline postural stability and balance, 87% used baseline neurocognitive testing, while only 61% assessed baseline vestibular and/or ocular function. Regarding concussion prevention, 51% did not recommend additional measures, while 4% and 24% recommended cervical compression collars and omega-3 supplementation, respectively. In postconcussion treatment, 26% initiated aerobic exercise 1 day postconcussion if symptoms were stable, 24% waited at least 48 hours, 4% waited for the athlete to return to baseline, 11% waited until the athlete became asymptomatic, and 35% determined procedures on a case-by-case basis. Most institutions assessed postural stability/balance and neurocognitive functioning at baseline and introduced light aerobic exercise within 48 h postconcussion. There was variation in baseline assessment methods and concussion prevention recommendations. These survey findings deepen our understanding of diverse SRC protocols in NCAA football programs.