Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS), including bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), could contribute to climate change mitigation strategies. However, the 2020s is not the first time that CCS is high on the agenda. This study explores the differences between the past and current developments of CCS and discusses how incumbent actors' experiences can inform the understanding of potential future energy system transitions in Sweden. For this purpose, a multi-level perspective (MLP) analysis was conducted based on documents, interviews and focus groups with key actors. Since the 2000s, increased urgency of climate change has further pushed policy makers into action. In addition, there is a new framing of CCS that underscores the potential of BECCS to provide negative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as well as prospects for offshore storage of CO2 in Norway and other territories. As such, this study shows that Sweden could be on a transformation pathway towards implementing CCS alongside other mitigation measures.
Highlights
Increased urgency in climate change mitigation has revived inter national interest in carbon capture and storage (CCS).1 In 2005, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a special report emphasizing the central role of Carbon capture and storage (CCS) in decarbonization, poten tially contributing 15 to 55% of the global mitigation efforts this century [1]
The aim of this study is to explore the differences between the past and current developments of CCS and discuss how incumbent actors' experiences can inform the understanding of potential future energy system transitions in Sweden
This study set out to explore the differences between the past and current developments of CCS on fossil CO2 emissions and bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and what lessons can be drawn from the views of incumbent industry actors to understand potential future energy system transitions in Sweden
Summary
Increased urgency in climate change mitigation has revived inter national interest in carbon capture and storage (CCS). In 2005, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a special report emphasizing the central role of CCS in decarbonization, poten tially contributing 15 to 55% of the global mitigation efforts this century [1]. With the increasing urgency of the climate crisis and rapidly shrinking carbon budgets, CCS has gradually become more important in stringent climate stabilization scenarios and net-zero targets, especially through coupling bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) enabling so-called negative emissions [6,7]. Through these negative CO2 emissions, BECCS has revived in terest in CCS with its potential to compensate for sectors where green house gas (GHG) emissions are hard to abate, such as aviation and agriculture [8]
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