Abstract
China’s rapid economic growth, accompanied by industrialization and rapid urbanization, has come at a high environmental price: in 2003 over 50 percent of China’s urban population was exposed to annual average PM10 levels in excess of 100µg/m3—twice the U.S. standard. The problem of particulate air pollution in China is partly the result of large reserves of high-sulfur coal. China has the world’s third largest coal reserves, and over 70 percent of the energy consumed in China is from coal. Approximately half of the coal consumed is burned by industry, often in small boilers,1 which makes the problem of pollution control difficult. It is also the case that meteorological factors predispose cities in northern China to poor air quality (Pandey 2006).
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