Abstract
Distributed generator (DG) resources are small scale electric power generating plants that can provide power to homes, businesses or industrial facilities in distribution systems. Power loss reductions, voltage profile improvement and increasing reliability are some advantages of DG units. The above benefits can be achieved by optimal placement of DGs. Whale optimization algorithm (WOA), a novel metaheuristic algorithm, is used to determine the optimal DG size. WOA is modeled based on the unique hunting behavior of humpback whales. The WOA is evaluated on IEEE 15, 33, 69 and 85-bus test systems. WOA was compared with different types of DGs and other evolutionary algorithms. When compared with voltage sensitivity index method, WOA and index vector methods gives better results. From the analysis best results have been achieved from type III DG operating at 0.9 pf.
Highlights
Distribution system is that part of the electric power system which connects the high-voltage transmission network to the low-voltage consumer service point
It is an important part of an electric power system since the supply of electric power to consumers is ensured by an efficient distribution system
The Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used to determine the optimal size of Distributed generator (DG) at different power factors to reduce the power losses of the distribution system as much as possible and enhancing the voltage profile of the system
Summary
Distribution system is that part of the electric power system which connects the high-voltage transmission network to the low-voltage consumer service point. Loss reduction, distribution capacity increase and reliability improvements are some of the benefits of system with DG placement (Ameli et al 2014). The backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSOA) was used in DS planning with multitype DGs in El-Fergany (2015); BSOA was proposed for DG placement with various load models. Zeinalzadeh et al (2015), Khodabakhshian and Andishgar (2016) and Rahmani-andebili (2016) proposed simultaneous DGs and capacitors placement in distribution networks. The WOA is used to determine the optimal size of DGs at different power factors to reduce the power losses of the distribution system as much as possible and enhancing the voltage profile of the system. Type IV Consuming reactive power but injecting real power, e.g., induction generators in wind farms
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