Abstract
One main purpose of the Local Structure Theorem for full heaps (Theorem 2.3.15) is to enable the construction of various familiar algebraic objects using full heaps as a starting point. We explain in Section 3.1 how to associate linear operators with full heaps; these linear operators will act on vector spaces whose bases are indexed by ideals of the heap itself. The most important linear operators for our purposes will be the operators X p , Y p , H p , S p and T p, q , all of which are defined in Section 3.1. In Chapter 3, we will concentrate on the operators S p and T p,q , which will give rise to representations of the associated Weyl group (Theorem 3.2.27) and Hecke algebra (Theorem 3.1.13) respectively. The operators X p , Y p and H p will reappear later in the construction of Lie algebras. It turns out to be more convenient to consider the action of the linear operators on a subset of the ideals of the full heap. These are the so-called “proper ideals”: an ideal is proper if its intersection with each vertex chain of the original heap is both proper and nonempty, considered as a set. Section 3.2 develops the theory of proper ideals, and also introduces the key concepts of the “content” of a finite heap and the “relative content” of a pair of proper ideals. The action of the Weyl group on the root system emerges naturally from these concepts and gives rise to Theorem 3.2.21, which gives a precise connection between the action of the Weyl group on the proper ideals and the action on the root system.
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