Abstract
Superhydrophobic surface has attracted significant attention since their potentiality to industrial and academic applications. Moreover, superhydrophobic surface wettability at non-ambient temperature, especially at high temperature (but not boiling) was of great importance in many industrial processes. In this paper, we designed and fabricated 4 series superhydrophobic micro-pillar surfaces on the Silicon wafers to investigate wettability at different temperatures. These micro-pillar surfaces were fabricated by photolithography and ICP etching technologies. The temperature-dependent wettability of DI water droplets was characterized using contact angle measurements. The wetting behavior was observed to be different on the surfaces, and the wetting transition occurred at a specific temperature.
Highlights
Inspired by the natural phenomena such as self-cleaning property on lotus, broccoli leaves and fish scale,1–3 directional adhesion on butterfly wings,2,4 water striders walking on the water surface,5 antifogging of mosquito eyes,6 wetting of superhydrophobic surfaces has received significant attention from both academic and industry due to their spectacular advantage and wide application such as selfcleaning materials,7 water collecting means,8 friction drag reduction surfaces,9 oil/water separation,10 and droplet control in microfluidic device.11 The superhydrophobic surface with contact angle (CA) > 150○ and sliding angle (SA) below 10○ was recognized as “lotus effect”, on which the droplets maintain a spherical shape and roll off .Since Wenzel and Cassie reported the effect of roughness on surface wettability,12,13 research found the way to enhance the wetting by modifying the surface roughness
Contact angle measurements demonstrated the ability of the micro-pillar surfaces to form Cassie wetting states with a liquid droplet, most experimental surfaces sustaining large contact angles above 150○
Images obtained from the contact angle measurements indicated that liquid droplets sitting on the micro-pillar surfaces were in the Cassie–Baxter wetting state
Summary
Since Wenzel and Cassie reported the effect of roughness on surface wettability, research found the way to enhance the wetting by modifying the surface roughness. Superhydrophobic surface, typically an effect enhanced by surface roughness, has recently attracted great attention because of the easy fabrication of microstructured surfaces with superhydrophobicity. Surface wettability at high temperature (30 to 90○C), is importance in industrial processes, such as water transportation and metal processing.. Several advances have been made, like the superhydrophobic surfaces hot water repellent, the wetting-controllable thermally responsive materials fabrication, wetting transition on hydrophobic microstructures surface during evaporation, low temperature heat exchanging on hydrophobic surfaces.. The theory and applications of droplet wetting behavior on a hot surface is very important in the solid–liquid heat transfer system. Surface wettability at high temperature (30 to 90○C), is importance in industrial processes, such as water transportation and metal processing. Recently, several advances have been made, like the superhydrophobic surfaces hot water repellent, the wetting-controllable thermally responsive materials fabrication, wetting transition on hydrophobic microstructures surface during evaporation, low temperature heat exchanging on hydrophobic surfaces. The theory and applications of droplet wetting behavior on a hot surface is very important in the solid–liquid heat transfer system.
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