Abstract
Although the wettability of ultrafast laser-textured surfaces has been widely studied recently, most studies have only investigated the transition mechanism of surface wettability after laser irradiation with elapsed time. It is already known that the laser-textured copper surface experiences a wettability transition from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity due to the occurrence of partial deoxidation from CuO to Cu2O. This study investigates the surface wettability change of ultrafast (of the order of picoseconds) laser-textured copper surfaces treated with water baths of 50 °C and 100 °C. The pulse duration of the laser is 7 ps, the wavelength of the laser is 532 nm, and the fluence range is controlled at 1.27–2.97 J/cm2. This simple treatment changes laser-textured surfaces from hydrophobic to hydrophilic ones. Detailed surface chemical analyses revealed that the formation of Cu(OH)2 on top of the copper surfaces was attributed to the change in wettability.
Highlights
In recent years, various methods such as an etching process, electrochemistry, and chemical deposition have been developed to modify the surface wettability and roughness of different materials.1–6 Surface wettability needs to be controlled in applications such as self-cleaning,7 oil–water separation,8 antifogging,9 corrosion prevention,10,11 drag force reduction,12 liquid transportation,13 biodegradability,14 tribology,15 and pool boiling heat transfer
Chun et al.34 used low-temperature annealing and ethanol to accelerate the formation of a Cu2O structure that made the surface highly hydrophobic; their scitation.org/journal/adv results demonstrated that ultrafast laser-textured surfaces could be changed by certain treatments
The surface roughness and three-dimensional image of the tested copper surface were measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM; VK-9710, Keyence, Japan)
Summary
Various methods such as an etching process, electrochemistry, and chemical deposition have been developed to modify the surface wettability and roughness of different materials.1–6 Surface wettability needs to be controlled in applications such as self-cleaning,7 oil–water separation,8 antifogging,9 corrosion prevention,10,11 drag force reduction,12 liquid transportation,13 biodegradability,14 tribology,15 and pool boiling heat transfer.16–19. Chun et al.34 used low-temperature annealing and ethanol to accelerate the formation of a Cu2O structure that made the surface highly hydrophobic; their scitation.org/journal/adv results demonstrated that ultrafast laser-textured surfaces could be changed by certain treatments.
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