Westernization of lifestyle affects quantitative and qualitative changes in adiponectin

Mitsunobu Kubota,Noboru Hattori,Kenji Oki,Iichiro Shimomura,Haruya Ohno,Masayasu Yoneda,Tohru Funahashi,Norikazu Maeda

doi:10.1186/s12933-017-0565-z

Mitsunobu Kubota, Noboru Hattori + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-017-0565-z

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Journal: Cardiovascular Diabetology	Publication Date: Jul 6, 2017
Citations: 13	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Hiroshima University, Osaka University

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough Japanese–Americans and native Japanese share the same genetic predispositions, they live different lifestyles, resulting in insulin resistance in Japanese–Americans. We investigated whether the quantitative and qualitative changes in adiponectin (APN) due to differences in lifestyle contribute to the development of insulin resistance.MethodsWe evaluated 325 native Japanese in Hiroshima, Japan and 304 Japanese–Americans in Los Angeles, the United States, who were aged between 30 and 70 years and underwent medical examinations between 2009 and 2010. All participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to assess their glucose tolerance. The insulin response to oral glucose load, the Matsuda index, total APN levels, and C1q-APN/total-APN ratios were compared between native Japanese and Japanese–Americans.ResultsCompared with the native Japanese, the Japanese–Americans had significantly lower Matsuda index and higher area under the curve values for serum insulin concentration during OGTT in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) groups, but not in the diabetes mellitus (DM) group. Furthermore, the Japanese–Americans had significantly lower total APN levels and higher C1q-APN/total-APN ratios than the native Japanese in the NGT and IGT groups, but not in the DM group.ConclusionsThis study suggested that, in Japanese people, the westernization of their lifestyle might affect quantitative and qualitative changes in APN and induce insulin resistance.

Highlights

Japanese–Americans and native Japanese share the same genetic predispositions, they live different lifestyles, resulting in insulin resistance in Japanese–Americans
In order to quantify the insulin response to oral glucose load, OGTTAUC Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) values were compared between the native Japanese and the Japanese–Americans according to glucose tolerance status (Fig. 1c)
In the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) groups, but not in the diabetes mellitus (DM) group, OGTTAUC IRI values were significantly higher in the Japanese–Americans than in the native Japanese

Summary

Introduction

Japanese–Americans and native Japanese share the same genetic predispositions, they live different lifestyles, resulting in insulin resistance in Japanese–Americans. We investigated whether the quantitative and qualitative changes in adiponectin (APN) due to differences in lifestyle contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Circulating APN is considered to be a cardiometabolic marker associated with global cardiovascular risk [1]. Hypoadiponectinemia is closely associated with the risk for insulin resistance [2, 3], metabolic syndrome [4] and coronary artery disease [5, 6]. Nakatsuji et al discovered that APN forms a protein complex with C1q in human serum [12]. The ratio of C1q-APN complex to total APN (C1q-APN/ total-APN ratio) may be a more sensitive marker of metabolic syndrome and arteriosclerotic diseases than the total APN level alone [12,13,14]

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