Abstract
We study the Muskat problem describing the spatially periodic motion of two fluids with equal viscosities under the effect of gravity in a vertical unbounded two-dimensional geometry. We first prove that the classical formulation of the problem is equivalent to a nonlocal and nonlinear evolution equation expressed in terms of singular integrals and having only the interface between the fluids as unknown. Secondly, we show that this evolution equation has a quasilinear structure, which is at a formal level not obvious, and we also disclose the parabolic character of the equation. Exploiting these aspects, we establish the local well-posedness of the problem for arbitrary initial data in Hs(S), with s∈(3/2,2), determine a new criterion for the global existence of solutions, and uncover a parabolic smoothing property. Besides, we prove that the zero steady-state solution is exponentially stable.
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