Abstract
The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UWTO) has acknowledged 2020 as the worst year in tourism history due to the worldwide pandemic COVID-19. Destinations, tourists, local communities, stakeholders, and residents, and their daily activities were affected. Thus, wellbeing and resilience are two crucial variables to help the industry and the people recover. This research aims to analyze early positive approaches and attitudes to respond to the negative impact of COVID-19 in tourism everyday activities that have at its core wellbeing and resilience, the two main variables of the Positive Psychology field of studies. A systematic literature review was conducted, following PRISMA guidelines to achieve this aim. The research was done using the Online Knowledge Library (B-on) and all the available databases. The research led to 32 articles that were screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 18 scientific articles met all criteria. Overall, results show that a positive and resilient approach to deal with the adverse outcomes of the pandemic is a concern for stakeholders and the future of the organizations in the tourism and hospitality sector, as is tourists’ wellbeing. However, less research has been done on wellbeing and a clear lack of research regarding residents’ wellbeing and resilience is evident. A deeper study of wellbeing and resilience in tourism is needed, and actual practices and interventions to ensure that all tourism actors have the resources to overcome the pandemic and restart the industry’s daily lives feeling well and safe.
Highlights
In 2015, the United Nations launched the 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development with 17 goals to transform the world
Considering the importance of wellbeing for tourism and the need for resilience for all actors of this industry, this study tries to answer the question of how are wellbeing and resilience being used in tourism as positive strategies to deal with the pandemic negative consequences? this research aims to analyze early positive approaches and attitudes to respond to COVID19 negative impact on tourism everyday activities that have at its core wellbeing and resilience, two main variables of the Positive Psychology field of studies, which is the theoretical framework that guides this current research
Despite having restricted the search to 2020 and 2021, this decision was made solemnly with the intend to analyze the most current research regarding the use of positive variables such as wellbeing and resilience during the pandemic, which was only acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic in March 2020 (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020)
Summary
In 2015, the United Nations launched the 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development with 17 goals to transform the world. The overall aim of this agenda was (and it still is) to promote a more peaceful, resilient, and equitable world while keeping in mind the sustainability of the planet (The Lancet Public Health, 2020). The array of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) includes health and wellbeing as one of these and assumes it as a priority for all ages (The Lancet Public Health, 2020). The study of wellbeing has in Positive Psychology one of its main streams since this field is “(. . .) the scientific study of the strengths, characteristics, and actions that enable individuals and communities to thrive” The study of wellbeing has in Positive Psychology one of its main streams since this field is “(. . .) the scientific study of the strengths, characteristics, and actions that enable individuals and communities to thrive” (Seligman, 2013, p. 2).
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