Abstract
The standard two-phase lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) method usually fails to capture the physical equilibrium state (zero velocity and constant chemical potential). Consequently, spurious velocities and inconsistent thermodynamic density properties are frequently encountered in LBE simulations. In this work, based on a rigorous analysis of the discrete balance equation of LBE, the structure of force imbalance due to discretization errors is identified. Then, a well-balanced LBE model is proposed, which can achieve the discrete equilibrium state. The well-balance properties of the model are confirmed by simulating a flat interface problem and a droplet system.
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