Abstract
During the Second World War, with the loss of male labour to the armed forces, there was great demand for women to fill the vacancies in Britain’s manufacturing industries. However absenteeism proved a particular problem, with absence rates for women being twice as high as those for men. 1 This affected production to the extent that an inquiry was launched by the Medical Research Council in 1945, which identified not only working conditions but also the double burden of family responsibilities as major contributing factors. 2
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