Welfare Economics Among the Theoretical Propositions of Economic Schools

Abstract

The study aimed at the intellectual and theoretical analysis of the concept of welfare economics and to stand on the theoretical and analytical views and standards on which economic schools, the ideology of social democracy and the theorists of welfare were based on what constitutes welfare and how to achieve it. As for the importance of the study, it is to stand on these theoretical theses of economic schools and their policy to achieve a welfare economy and to know the criteria that provide the ability to measure whether the economic proposals and theses that have been developed have worked to improve the welfare of society. The problem of the study is the difference in the theoretical proposals of the economic schools in their vision to reach the welfare economy and achieve social welfare, and the difference is not a descriptive difference, but it includes different methods in seeing and understanding human behavior, and the most important results of the study are the focus of most contemporary welfare economists on the fact that effective markets do not necessarily achieve the greatest social benefit. Markets are not capable of self-regulation but require the regulatory role of the state. That the mixed ideology is the path to prosperity and glorification, such as social democracy, which was based on a new reform policy and a humancentered boom in the existing institutions. It included specific and measurable goals, such as the fair distribution of income and wealth. Thus, social democracy was unique in reaching and achieving a welfare society through the role of the state and its effective policy, by managing and providing welfare services in a better way, and that this transformation is a measure commensurate with the process of deepening and strengthening democracy. The study presented the most important recommendations to reach to a welfare society, then, the corrective interventional role of the state must be supported along with the work of the market and the adoption of the ideology of social democracy. Governments and institutions in all countries of the world should adopt new ways of thinking and actively participate in creating systems that will achieve real progress towards a more prosperous and prosperous world.