Abstract
Various types of structures and materials play an important role in the creation modern means of transport, including various grades of steel with different mechanical properties. For the rolling stock, proper operation and meeting the operational conditions is very important. Welded structures play an important role in the construction of various means of transport. Correct welding of carriages is important both in production and when carrying out various types of repairs. Each repair a carriage depends on its advancement and condition and the time of its operation. Each inspection for a refurbished carriage is defined either by the service life or the big distance traveled by the carriage. Important factor that may lead to damage is the effect of the load transported in the carriage. Therefore, the causes of the wear of the rolling stock are investigated and measures are taken to prevent any damage. The appropriate technical condition of the carriage also ensures safety on railroads for users and owners of the rolling stock. In the case of welded structures in carriages, it is influenced by poorly materials choice, incorrectly selected production processes and wrong selection of parameters. The goal of this paper is the mechanical properties analyse of weld low alloy steel structure of carriages after MAG welding using the parameters of the process. Thick-walled steel structures are used to build carriages, which is often a serious welding problem. The main role of welding conditions is connected with filer materials, welding technology, state of stress and temperature. In this paper, the properties of low alloy steel S3555J+N structures after MAG welding are presented. Furthermore, metallographic structure, tensile strength, bending test and impact toughness welded joints were analysed regarding welding parameters. The amount of acicular ferrite in WMD oxygen after welding was tested. Gas mixtures of argon and carbon dioxide with various percentage was used for shielding gas.
Highlights
This article deals with broadly understood welding problems in transport
The research included non-destructive testing (NDT): - visual testing (VT) of prepared welded joints was done with the use of an eye armed with a magnifying glass at the magnification of 3× – test was done according to the PN-EN ISO 17638 norm, assessment criteria according to the EN ISO 5817; - magnetic particle testing (MT) – tests were carried out according to the PN-EN ISO 17638 norm, with assessment performed according to the EN ISO 5817, using a magnetic flaw detector of REM-230 type; - radiographic tests – tests were carried out according to the PN-EN ISO 15614-1 norm
Joints were made of S355J + N steel, used in the construction of carriage components
Summary
This article deals with broadly understood welding problems in transport. It was decided to focus on matters that concern all modes of transport, and in this particular case, connections used in carriages and rail transport means in general. A large part of current sheet steel research is focused on the development of high strength steels combining high tensile, good elongation, good impact toughness and innovative welding technologies [1,2,3,4]. The choice of alloying elements is very important due to their influence on the microstructure, tensile strength and impact toughness [5, 6]. The largest contribution of the steel composition is related to the effect of alloying elements on the microstructure, which determines most of the mechanical properties of the final product. The influence of the chemical composition of low steel WMD on Charpy V impact properties has been carefully analysed for the last 15 years [7, 8]. Cu is a non-carbide former that is simultaneously austenite stabilisers. The effect of oxygen on the good properties is recognised the best in the MMA welding process (Figure 1)
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