Weighting Analysis of Design Elements for Urban Regeneration in the Era of Autonomous Vehicles

Abstract

In consideration of the era of autonomous vehicles (AVs), this study aims to derive design elements for urban regeneration through literature review and expert brainstorming and analyze their composite weights in relation to urban spatial typologies. The design elements were organized into five regeneration categories: Environment & Landscape (EL), Transportation & Technology (TT), Resource & Energy (RE), Society & Culture (SC), and Economy & Industry (EI), each with six design elements, and the existing urban space into 10 types in consideration of spatial attributes based on current and future vehicle occupancy. The weight of each design element and space type was analyzed using an expert survey and hierarchical composite analysis model (HCAM), whereby Inclusive Design (TT1) was rated the most important of the 13 composite weighted design elements, followed by Smart Infrastructure (TT3), Pedestrian-Friendly Streetscape (EL4), Public Open Space (EL3), and Renewable Energy (RE3) in relation to the spatial types of Parking Only (H), Transportation Infrastructure (J), and Lower Floors (B). The results of this study could increase the opportunities to reuse urban space in the autonomous future and assist in the practical implementation of sustainable urban regeneration.