Weight loss on a structured hypocaloric diet with or without exercise improves emotional distress and quality of life in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of a caloric restricted weight loss program with or without supervised resistance exercise training (EX) on diabetes-related emotional distress and quality of life (QOL) in overweight and obese patients with type2 diabetes. In a parallel design, 106 men and women with type2 diabetes were randomized to a prescriptive 16-week caloric restricted diet (D; 6,000-7,000kJ/day), with (n=65) or without (n=41) EX (three times per week). Bodyweight, glycated hemoglobin, diabetes-specific emotional distress (Problem Areas in Diabetes [PAID] questionnaire) and QOL (Diabetes-39 [D-39] questionnaire) was assessed pre- and post-intervention. A total of 84 participants completed the study (D n=33, D+EX n=51). Weight loss was significantly greater in D+EX compared with D (-11.4±5.8 vs -8.8±5.8kg, P=0.04 time×diet). Overall, there were significant improvements in glycated hemoglobin, PAID total score and the D-39 dimensions of 'diabetes control', 'anxiety and worry', 'sexual functioning', 'energy and mobility', 'overall rating of QOL' and 'severity of diabetes' (P≤0.01 for time). The D-39 dimension, 'social burden', did not change (P=0.07 for time). There was no difference between groups in the response for any of these variables (P≥0.10). A structured caloric restricted diet with or without EX improves emotional distress and QOL in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. This trial was registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au; ACTR No: ACTRN12608000206325).