Abstract
Pharmacotherapy is almost inevitably associated with unwanted side effects. This is particularly true for psychiatric drugs, which are notably associated with a wide variety of common, often severe and limiting, side effects including sedation, lethargy, hypotension, autonomic effects, both acute and chronic motor symptoms and weight gain. The tolerability of such side effects relates to a variety of factors, which include social attitudes as well as perceptions of risk and benefit. There are often substantial individual and occasionally ethnic differences in the susceptibility to side effects, pointing to pharmacogenomic influences. Minimizing the incidence of such side effects has been a major target of drug development, although as yet little attention has been paid to the potential that pharmacogenomics may offer to understanding treatment-induced side effects. Classically, the extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) have been considered to be the most troublesome of those induced by antipsychotics and include:
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