Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the association of weight gain and developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been reported in the Western and Asian populations, data on the gender-stratified effects of weight change (including weight loss) on incident MetS and its components in the Middle East Caucasians is still scarce.MethodsA total of 1431 men and 2036 women aged ≥ 20 years with BMI > 18.5 kg/m2 were followed over 3 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of MetS and its components (the Adult Treatment Panel III definition) associated with gender-stratified quintiles of percent weight change. Subjects with MetS at baseline were excluded for analyzing the RR of MetS.ResultsThere was 20.4% (95% CI, 19.6–21.2) age-adjusted incident MetS (18.4% male vs. 23.1% women). In men, mild weight gain (WG) predicted high waist circumference (WC) and high triglyceride; moderate WG predicted MetS (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.3), high WC and high blood pressure (BP); large WG predicted MetS (RR 3.2, 95% CI 1.8–5.7) and its components, except for high fasting plasma glucose. In women, mild WG predicted MetS (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.3), high WC and high BP; moderate WG predicted Mets (RR 4.6, 95% CI 2.7–8.0), high WC and high triglyceride; large WG predicted MetS (RR 6.6, 95% CI 3.8–11.3) and its components except for low HDL-cholesterol. Mild weight loss had protective effect on high WC in both genders and MetS in men (RR 0.5, 95% CI 0.26–0.97, P = 0.04).ConclusionWeight change showed different effects on MetS in men and women. In women, mild WG predicted MetS; however, mild weight loss was protective against MetS in men and high WC in both genders.
Highlights
The association of weight gain and developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been reported in the Western and Asian populations, data on the gender-stratified effects of weight change on incident MetS and its components in the Middle East Caucasians is still scarce
It has been suggested that weight gain increases risk of developing hyperinsulinemia [6] and insulin resistance is an origin of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is a strong risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [7]
Considering the high prevalence of MetS and the rising trend of obesity in our population [15,16], we examined the impact of gender-stratified weight change on the risk of incident MetS and its components in participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) cohort during 3.1 years follow-up
Summary
The association of weight gain and developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been reported in the Western and Asian populations, data on the gender-stratified effects of weight change (including weight loss) on incident MetS and its components in the Middle East Caucasians is still scarce. It has been suggested that weight gain increases risk of developing hyperinsulinemia [6] and insulin resistance is an origin of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is a strong risk factor of CVD [7]. It seems that investigations on the association of weight change and MetS are essential to clarify the relationship between weight change and mortality. Not much published data is available about the effect of weight loss on MetS and its components [6,1012]
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