Abstract
ABSTRACT Information on the different species that compose a weed community is essential for plant protection managements in production systems, which should include not only flora identification and diversity assessments, but morphological and ecophysiological aspects that can to show the potential effect of the agrosystem and guide the conduction of weed control strategies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to conduct a floristic and phytosociological surveying to identify the grouping patterns of weed populations in vineyards in the Petrolina-Juazeiro irrigated perimeter, in the Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley, Brazil. The absolute and relative values of weed frequency, density, abundance, importance value index, population distribution level, and similarity between areas were evaluated in five properties. A high diversity of species of the families Poaceae, Malvaceae, and Asteraceae were found. The most important species found were Commelina benghalensis, Euphorbia hirta, and Cyperus aggregatus. The distribution of populations was mainly in aggregate and highly aggregate forms.
Highlights
The Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley (SMSFRV) encompasses a center of irrigated agriculture in the Semiarid region in the Northeast of Brazil
The study was conducted from August 2016 to January 2018 in five agricultural properties with vineyards: three in Petrolina (PE) and two in Juazeiro (BA), Brazil
The climate of the region is classified as BSh, semiarid of low altitude and latitude, according to the Köppen classification (ALVARES et al, 2013)
Summary
The Sub-Mid São Francisco River Valley (SMSFRV) encompasses a center of irrigated agriculture in the Semiarid region in the Northeast of Brazil. The region of the municipalities of Petrolina in the state of Pernambucco (PE) and Juazeiro in the state of Bahia (BA) is one of the most important fruit production centers in the SMSFRV; in addition, 98.7% of all exported grapes from the region in 2009 to 2015 was produced in the São Francisco River Valley (SÁ; SILVA; BANDEIRA, 2015; CODEVASF, 2018). The presence of weeds in agricultural areas cause production losses in agricultural crops of up to 40% in tropical environments (LORENZI, 2008), mainly due to allelospoly (competition for resources), allelopathy (chemical interaction between plants), allele-mediation (host of pests and diseases), and interference with cultural practices. Weeds are described as any superior plant that interfere with human interests or with the environment (PITELLI, 2015)
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