Weed or not a weed? Density, perceptions and management of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) in West Africa: Voices from Ghana

Abstract

AbstractThe status (weed or beneficial shrub) of Chromolaena odorata in West Africa has been a major subject of debate since its introduction in the 1930s. Its negative impacts on agriculture and biodiversity are clear. However, indigenous people have harnessed several benefits of the plant, making management strategies less straightforward. Using indigenous voices in Ghana, the current perceptions of C. odorata in West Africa were assessed. Here, 90 respondents in three regions of Ghana were interviewed, using questionnaires, on aspects relating to the abundance, perceptions and management of C. odorata in their communities. Overall, results showed that the density of C. odorata had declined. The majority of the respondents considered C. odorata as a fallow shrub, a medicinal plant or both. However, impacts on crop production and injuries incurred during physical control were also highlighted. The local uses of the plant in Ghana included treating fevers and injuries, and as a fallow shrub for soil nutrient replenishment. Although most of the respondents classified C. odorata as a useful shrub in Ghana, they also highlighted the use of local farming tools such as cutlasses for the slash of the plant. The use of herbicides for the control of C. odorata was rare and not applied specifically for C. odorata. In conclusion, local awareness programmes on the deleterious impacts of C. odorata on ecosystem functioning and livelihoods are required for its effective management in West Africa.