Abstract
Summary: This study was performed to compare the weed flora in dill crops maintained conventionally and according to the principles of organic production. Out of 17 weed species noted for the two growing systems, even four (Amaranthus retroflexus L., Datura stramonium L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., and Veronica persica Poir.) are invasive in Vojvodina region (Serbia). Weed infestation (number of individuals per m2) was significantly higher on the conventional plots (p = 0.0000**). The dominating species in conventional growing system were Convolvulus arvensis, Veronica persica and Chenopodium album (8.00, 6.67 and 5.33 individuals per m2, respectively), while Amaranthus retroflexus dominated on organic plots (8.00 individuals per m2). Regarding life forms of the recorded weed flora, therophytes dominate both in conventional (92.31%) and organic (66.67%) systems. The observed differences in weed flora are due to the specificities of dill conventional and organic production.
Highlights
Dill (Anethum graveolens L., Apiaceae) is an annual plant with short vegetation period of approximately 90 days and can be planted several times during the year
Weed flora occurring in dill crops maintained conventionally (CP) and according to the principles of organic production (OP) consisted of 17 taxa in total; 15 broad-leaved and two narrow-leaved
Thirteen weed species were found in conventional crops, while the flora recorded in organic crops consisted of nine weeds
Summary
Dill (Anethum graveolens L., Apiaceae) is an annual plant with short vegetation period of approximately 90 days and can be planted several times during the year. It originates from Southeast Asia and can be successfully cultivated in Southern Europe (Đurovka 2008). Containing A, C, B2, B3 and B9 vitamins, as well as minerals such as Cu, K, Ca, Mn, Fe and Mg, dill has been used as a medicinal plant for a long period of time. Dill has moderate requirements for temperature and light, 15-17oC is optimal It is a long-day plant, in low light it grows abnormally in. This study was undertaken in order to investigate the weed flora in conventionally and organically grown dill, which is a necessary precondition for choosing the weed control measure applicable for the specific production system
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