Abstract
Cold-formed sections (CFS) fabricated using high strength steel have recently been utilised in construction due to their numerous advantages, such as higher load-to-weight ratio, flexibility of shape, and availability in relatively long spans. High strength CFS channel sections can be used as purlins and joists in structural systems; thus, they are vulnerable to different buckling instabilities, including web crippling. Predicting their web crippling capacity using the current design guidelines may be insufficient due to their empirical nature. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the web crippling capacity of high strength unlipped CFS sections under End-Two-Flange (ETF) loading conditions. Numerical simulations were carried out using nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis. The developed models were first validated against available experimental data and then used as a base for conducting an extensive parametric study. The ultimate web crippling capacity obtained from the parametric study was used to assess the accuracy of the available design equations in the standards and those proposed in the relevant studies. The assessment revealed that the existing design equations are not suitable for predicting the ultimate web crippling capacity for high strength CFS channel sections under the ETF loading condition. Thus, a modified design equation was proposed, following the same technique of current design standards, and a new Direct Strength Method (DSM) approach was developed.
Highlights
Cold-formed steel members have been extensively used in structural frame systems due to their prominent advantages, including light weight, durability, stability, high accuracy in fabrication, efficient erection, high strength-to-weight ratio and high stiffness
Web crippling is a vulnerability of Cold-formed sections (CFS) members under concentrated reactions and concentrated transverse reactions
Due to the convergence issues that occurred during the application of the ABAQUS/Implicit analysis method, ABAQUS/Explicit was employed in this study to simulate the web crippling behaviour of the channel section
Summary
Cold-formed steel members have been extensively used in structural frame systems due to their prominent advantages, including light weight, durability, stability, high accuracy in fabrication, efficient erection, high strength-to-weight ratio and high stiffness. The web crippling behaviour of CFS channel sectioonnss uunnddeerr aallll ffoouurr llooaadd ccaasseess,, ccoonn-sidering different supporting conditions (fastenedd supporrtt to the flflanges or unfastened support to the flflanges), has been investigated, and improvements in the codifified design equations have been proposed [15–35]. T[r3a] ceotvaelr.e[d3]acsoteveelresedctaiosntesetlresnegctthioonf s4t0r1entogt1h13o8f M40P1at,ow1h1il3s8t WMuPae,twalh.i[l4st] Wcounseitdaelr.e[d4]tchoenvsiidrgeirnedmtahteerviiarlgyiniemldastetrreiassleysiepldarsatlrleeslsteostphaerraolllelilntgo tdhierercotliloinngs, ranging from 716 to 776 MPa, and perpendicular to the rolling directions, ranging from 825 to 894 MPa. web crippling investigation on high strength tubular sections (square and rectangular) under all four load cases was carried out by Li and Young [2,5]. Directions, ranging from 716 to 776 MPa, and perpendicular to the rolling directions, ranging from 825 to 894 MPa. web crippling investigation on high strength tubular sections (square and rectangular) under all four load cases was carried out by L3ioafn2d9.
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