WEATHER INFLUENCE ON THE ACCUMULATION AND CONTENT OF ASCORBIC ACID IN PEACH FRUITS

Abstract

The results of biochemical studies on the quantitative content of ascorbic acid and dry matter in the fruit pulp of Persica vulgaris (Mill.) are presented. Biochemical analyzes were carried out in 2017-2020 in the Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants of the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences on peach varieties of different ripening dates cultivated in the subtropical zone of the Krasnodar Territory. One of the micronutrients that has a powerful antioxidant function and helps neutralize free radicals in cells is vitamin C. The objects of the research are 14 peach varieties: Redhaven, Krasnaya Zarya (Redhaven clone), Collins, Maycrest, Dixired, Veteran, Favorit Morettini, June, Maria Serena, Ukrainian, Larisa, Fayette, Glorious. It has been revealed that the content of vitamin C in peach fruits depends on weather conditions, on the place of growth, ripening time and varietal characteristics. Biochemical analysis of peach fruits has shown varietal differences in the content of vitamin C. It has been revealed that, basically, varieties of early ripening (Collins, June, Spring call, Maria Serena) have a low content of ascorbic acid 8.10– 10.40 mg% compared to the control Redhaven variety. The varieties Krasnaya Zarya, Maycrest, Dixired, Favorit Morettini, Fayette, Redhaven have a high content of vitamin C 13.44–17.54 mg%. Indications of dry matter in peach fruits ranged from 7.21–28.0%, which indicate the quality, transportability and keeping quality.