Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear properties of opposed dental ceramic restorative CAD/CAM materials and several posterior direct restorative composite resins. Three kinds of dental ceramics CAD/CAM materials (monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, leucite) and four dental composite resins—that is, MI Gracefil, Gradia Direct P, Estelite Σ Quick, and Filtek Supreme Ultra—were used in this study. For each of the 12 groups (three ceramics × four composite resins), five each of a canine-shaped ceramic specimen and a cuboidal shape opposing composite resin were prepared. All of the specimens were tested in a thermomechanical loading machine (50 N, 100,000 cycles, 5/55 °C). Wear losses of ceramic specimens and composite resin specimens were evaluated using a three-dimensional profiling system and an electronic scale, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni’s correction. Zirconia showed significantly less volumetric loss than lithium disilicate or leucite regardless of composite resin type (p > 0.05/3 = 0.017), and that Estelite Σ Quick showed significantly more weight loss than Filtek Supreme Ultra, MI Gracefil, or Gradia Direct P regardless of ceramic type (p > 0.05/6 = 0.083). Zirconia showed less volumetric loss than lithium disilicate or leucite. Some composite resins opposing ceramics showed considerable weight loss.
Highlights
As a result of increasing interest in esthetics, various tooth-colored restorative materials are being widely used for tooth restoration, and in particular, dental ceramics and composite resins are being increasingly used as restorative materials for posterior teeth [1,2]
We found ceramic volumetric wears were not always significantly difference, but zirconia was found to wear less than lithium disilicate and leucite, which concurs with the results of several previous studies on ceramic wear when opposed to enamel [43,47,48,49]
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, zirconia showed less volumetric loss than lithium disilicate or leucite when opposed to composite resins
Summary
As a result of increasing interest in esthetics, various tooth-colored restorative materials are being widely used for tooth restoration, and in particular, dental ceramics and composite resins are being increasingly used as restorative materials for posterior teeth [1,2]. The developments of computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies and of reinforced dental porcelains—such as aluminum oxide, leucite, lithium disilicate, and zirconium oxide—have produced esthetically satisfying results without porcelain veneering as compared with traditional dental ceramics. These materials excellent physical properties and are widely used in fixed prostheses [7,8,9]. The disadvantage of dental ceramics is that they can cause significant enamel wear on opposing teeth [10]
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