Weaponizing neutrality: the entanglement of policing, affect, and surveillance technologies

Abstract

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, U.S. police departments have incorporated media technologies that promise to make policing more efficient and “race-neutral,” including body and dash cameras, drones, and predictive analytics. Such tools are positioned as unbiased and therefore reliable instruments that will hold both the state and citizens accountable during police interactions. This neutrality occurs along axes of race and affect, and presumes these technologies as anti-emotional third-party witnesses to exchanges between the state and public. In this article, we connect the expansion of high-tech policing to the racialized and gendered management of affect, underscoring how the supposed accountability offered by these technologies does not upend the disciplining of emotion. We examine the relationship between affective governance and media technologies through an analysis of Diamond Reynolds’ Facebook Live video of police killing her boyfriend Philando Castile, which we theorize alongside the dash camera video of Sandra Bland, a 28-year-old Black woman who was pulled over by a police officer and arrested, and who allegedly died by suicide in jail three days later. We argue that taken together, the videos demonstrate the ongoing racialized and gendered imperative that Black women regulate their emotional reactions to state violence both despite and because of the presence of recording devices.