Weaning in Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA): a prospective interventional study in neonates.

Abstract

Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a respiratory support triggered by the electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi). Only few studies evaluated NAVA short-term efficacy and safety in newborns. Aim of this study is to assess efficacy and safety of NAVA in a cohort of newborns and to analyse ventilation parameters helpful to guide weaning. Thirty-four newborns with respiratory failure were ventilated with Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation plus pressure-regulated volume control plus pressure support (SIMV(PRVC)+PS) for 12 hours and switched to NAVA until extubation. Ventilator and vital parameters, oxygen saturation (SpO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ratio (S/F), arterialized capillary blood gases (aCBG), and sedatives dose were recorded. The occurrence of re-intubation within the first 72 hours, pneumothorax and mortality were evaluated. After 6 hours of NAVA, a significant reduction of FiO2 (0.25 versus 0.32), and peak inspiratory pressure (13 versus 18 mmHg), and a significant increase of S/F (383 versus 316) were found, compared to SIMV(PRVC)+PS. Other ventilation, vital and aCBG parameters were similar in both ventilation modes. During NAVA a significant reduction of sedation was shown. All subjects were successfully extubated guided by EAdi peak during weaning. No re- intubation, pneumothorax, or death were recorded. NAVA can be effectively and safely used in neonates. The EAdi peak could be a reliable index to guide the physicians during weaning and extubation.