Abstract
We propose and demonstrate weak-microcavity organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays with improved light-extraction and viewing-angle characteristics. A single pair of low- and high-index layers is inserted between indium tin oxide (ITO) and a glass substrate. The electroluminescent (EL) efficiencies of discrete red, green, and blue weak-microcavity OLEDs are enhanced by 56%, 107%, and 26%, respectively, with improved color purity. Moreover, full-color passive-matrix bottom-emitting OLED displays are fabricated by employing low-index layers of two thicknesses. As a display, the EL efficiency of white color was 27% higher than that of a conventional OLED display.
Highlights
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted much attention because of their desirable characteristics, which include a wide viewing angle and a fast response
We propose an OLED structure with a weak microcavity that delivers both a high light-extraction efficiency and wide viewing-angle characteristics
The organic layers typically consist of an electron-injection layer (EIL), an electron-transport layer (ETL), an emitting-material layer (EML), a hole-transport layer (HTL), and a hole-injection layer (HIL)
Summary
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted much attention because of their desirable characteristics, which include a wide viewing angle and a fast response. More than 80% of the emitted light is trapped and wasted in the high-index layers as a result of the total internal reflection [1] in conventional OLED structures. The effect of incorporating a 2D SiO2/SiNx photonic-crystal layer was investigated [9,10,11,12], whereby a 1.8-fold improvement was observed. Excessive microcavity effects generated undesirable angular-emission characteristics. We propose an OLED structure with a weak microcavity that delivers both a high light-extraction efficiency and wide viewing-angle characteristics
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