Weak deflection angle of light in two classes of black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics via Gauss–Bonnet theorem

Abstract

In this paper, we study the gravitational lensing by some black hole classes within the nonlinear electrodynamics in weak field limits. First, we calculate an optical geometry of the nonlinear electrodynamics black hole and then we use the Gauss–Bonnet theorem for finding deflection angle in weak field limits. The effect of nonlinear electrodynamics on the deflection angle in leading order terms is studied. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of the plasma medium on the weak deflection angle.