Abstract
Therapeutically effective treatments of cancer are limited. To calibrate the efficiency of the novel technique we recently discovered to modulate cancer cell viability using tuned electromagnetic fields; H1299 human lung cancer cells were irradiated in a sweeping regime of W-band (75–105 GHz) millimeter waves (MMW) at 0.2 mW/cm2 (2 W/m2). Effects on cell morphology, cell death and senescence were examined and compared to that of non-tumorigenic MCF-10A human epithelial cells. MMW irradiation led to alterations of cell and nucleus morphology of H1299 cells, significantly increasing mortality and senescence over 14 days of observation. Extended irradiation of 10 min duration resulted in complete death of exposed H1299 cell population within two days, while healthy MCF-10A cells remained unaffected even after 16 min of irradiation under the same conditions. Irradiation effects were observed to be specific to MMW treated H1299 cells and absent in the control group of non-irradiated cells. MMW irradiation affected nuclear morphology of H1299 cells only and not of the immortalized MCF-10A cells. Irradiation with low intensity MMW shows an antitumor effect on H1299 lung cancer cells. This method provides a novel treatment modality enabling targeted specificity for various types of cancers.
Highlights
Treatment of different types of cancer, in metastatic stages is a major challenge in oncology
Irradiation of H1299 cells for 10 min resulted in cell death a few days later, while healthy MCF10A cells remained unaffected even after prolonged irradiation for 16 min (Figure S1)
The experiments demonstrate that appropriately tuned W-band (75–105 GHz) millimeter waves (MMW) treatment can selectively cause lung cancer cell death in vitro
Summary
Treatment of different types of cancer, in metastatic stages is a major challenge in oncology. Major limitations stem from the small number of therapeutic agents that are specific with minimal side effects and capable of long-term control of tumor growth. Lung cancer is considered one of the most deadly types of cancer for humans and is often diagnosed in a late incurable stage [1,2]. The vast majority of lung cancers are derived from epithelial cell carcinomas. The two main types are small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), for which there are different treatment paradigms and expected survival outcomes. About 85% to 90% of lung cancers are NSCLCs. Three main subtypes of NSCLC exist differing in size, shape, and chemical make-up [3]
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