Abstract
Emulsions of several waxy crude oils exhibiting similar properties were prepared and characterized to better understand the nature of their polar components. Both crude oils and their corresponding emulsions were analyzed by negative-ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry [ESI (−) FT-ICR MS]. The most abundant classes found in these crude oils were neutral N, acidic O, and O2 heteroatomic compounds. The N class was present in higher relative abundance in all samples, followed by the O class (phenolic-like compounds). The O2 class was minor in all crude oils, corroborating their low total acid number (TAN) values. The O/O2 class ratios were directly correlated with their rheological properties. Higher O/O2 class ratios were associated with crude oils that formed gel emulsions, indicating that O class compounds play an important role in gel emulsion stabilization. The identified phenolic compounds possess a structure that allows for (i) intermolecular hydrogen-bonding i...
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