Wax models in dermatology: Updated through 2020

Abstract

Wax models have occupied a unique position in the teaching of dermatology. The wax model offers a unique presentation of the morphology, often not captured by other methods. Much has already been written about the unfortunate fate of many of these collections. Some models went to historical collections, a few were saved to continue their didactic purpose, and still others met their untimely demise. There has been renewed interest in the preservation of these models in recent years, from dermatologists and historians alike, and this has led to increasing efforts to document the origin, migration, exhibition, and maintenance of these collections. Our mission for this study is to report on our findings of the existence and whereabouts of dermatologic wax models since the 1990 survey. Even with the advent of the Internet and interest generated for preserving these wonderful illustrations of dermatologic conditions, many collections have remained unknown or dismantled. In the end, wax models have survived the introduction of hand-colored artist’s renditions, color photography, and even computerized illustrations. Although no longer the premier teaching tool of yesteryear, their survival reflects upon the development of dermatology and the initial transition from hand-colored prints to our current digital-oriented age.