Wavevector mismatch and Doppler-free three-dimensional atom localization

Abstract

In the regime of the Raman–Nath approximation we show coherence control of three-dimensional atom localization with high precession and resolution via probe absorption when a five-level atomic system is cyclically driven by three orthogonal standing optical wave-fields together with one traveling optical wave-field and two microwave wave-fields in an optical cavity. We apply wavevector mismatch and subsequently the Doppler-free technique to the atom localization system to minimize the imprecision in the atom’s position in the standing wave-field caused by its high velocity in the cavity. The position of the single atom is freed from the two effects by collinear coupling of the driving fields with the atom in the cavity. The atomic position is controlled in the sub-wavelength domain of the standing wave-field with probability and high quality resolution by adjusting the relative phase and amplitude of the driving fields.